• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An automatic tool exchanging apparatus of a machine tool in which a new tool having heavy weight such as 60-100 kg are conveyed with its shank downwardly directed and readily and safely exchanged with a used tool. The apparatus comprises a tool storing magazine, a first tool exchanging mechanism located in front of the magazine, a horizontal tool conveying mechanism connected to the first tool exchanging mechanism, a vertical tool conveying mechanism, a second tool exchanging mechanism located on one side of the vertical tool conveying mechanism, and an intermediate tool pot mechanism for transferring the tool from the second tool exchanging mechanism to the spindle shaft of the machine tool after horizontally rotating the tool.
    公开号:SU1036238A3
    申请号:SU782688146
    申请日:1978-11-04
    公开日:1983-08-15
    发明作者:Сато Митухару；Ямазаки Кацуо
    申请人:Тосиба Кикаи Кабусики Кайся (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    This invention relates to a machine tool and relates to an automatic tool changer of a horizontal milling and boring machine with a low-lying table for handling heavy products.
    A device for automatic tool changer on a cutting machine is known, comprising a tool magazine with tool holders mounted on the side of the machine column, with upright, shank down, transport mechanism with grips for tools for delivering the tool while maintaining its original position from the tool magazine to the spindle machine tool, two-gripper mechanical tool changer spindle machine reciprocating and rotational action and a tilter with a gripper for tools that installs the tool axis parallel to the spindle axis when transferring the tool from the two-gripping mechanical arm while rotating its grip by 90 ° Г1.
    A disadvantage of the known automatic tool changer is that the tool may fall out of the grip during transport, therefore it is not applicable in large machines where a large tool weight (about 60 kg) and a large diameter is required to move, as it is not completely safe when changing heavy tool.
    The purpose of the invention is to ensure safety when changing a tool.
    This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for automatic tool change is equipped with an additional two-gripping mechanical reciprocating and rotating action located at the place of issue and receiving the tools from the tool magazine respectively into the transport mechanism and installed with the possibility of rotation around the axis on the mounting a machine column with a lid that blocks the ingress of dirt on the nap; the equals of the transport mechanism are at the moments when tools are intercepted by its grippers.
    The tool delivery mechanism includes horizontal and vertical transport mechanisms with grippers, the gripper of the latter being made in the form of a lever mounted to rotate 180 ° in the horizontal plane,
    The gripper of the turn-over device is mounted so that it can be moved in the direction of the tool along the axis of the tool and is provided with elements securing the tool at the indicated movement.
    The two-grip mechanical tool changer spindle in the machine spindle is equipped with interconnected locking mechanisms in the horizontal and vertical positions and fixing the tool in the gripper, made in the form of alternately sliding fingers. , Duplex. The mechanical arm of the tool changer in the machine spindle is fastened on a carriage mounted for rotation in a plane perpendicular to the direction of axial movement of the two-arm.
    FIG. Figure 1 shows the front-end tool change tool; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 - a mechanism for the horizontal transport of the tool of the device, front view; in fig. 4 is a section A-A in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 shows the tool change lever assembly of the horizontal tool transport mechanism, top view; in fig. b - section bb in fig. five; in fig. 7 - a casing closing the mechanism of horizontal transportation of the tool, a slit; FIG. 8 shows the mechanism of vertical transport of a tool of the device, front view, partially with a tear; in fig. 9 shows a section B-B of FIG. eight; in fig. 10 shows a mechanism for transporting a tool, a front view and mechanisms interacting with it; in fig. 11 intermediate retention mechanism; front view; in fig. 12 is a section of YYY in FIG. 11J in FIG. 13 shows a d-d in FIG. 12; in fig. 14 is a perspective view of the mechanism for driving and controlling the lever of the device tool change mechanism, section; in fig. 15-20 schems. 1s, which clarify the sequence of operations of the tool replacement mechanism; in fig. Figures 21-23 are hydraulic circuit diagrams for driving various device mechanisms.
    In the device automatic replacement tools horizontal milling and. boring machine 1 with a low positioning table for machining heavy products (fig.  1 and 2) the head of the spindle 2 is mounted on one side of the machine bed of the machine 1 with the ability to move in the vertical direction, and the quill 3 with the possibility of longitudinal movement on the front surface of the head of the spindle 2 ,.  Spindle 4 is placed in quill 3 driven by a motor (not shown).  The bed of the machine 1 is installed on the base plate 5 with the possibility of lateral movement.  On the left (FIG. 2) surface of the plate 5, the tool magazine 6 is also installed, including several tools.  A mechanism 7 for horizontal transport of the tool from the magazine 6 to a position near the lower end of the spindle 4 is fastened to the surface of the machine bed 1, next to the front end of the transport mechanism 7 is the first mechanism 8 for transporting the tool.  Next to the other end of the mechanism 7, the mechanism 9 of the vertical transport of the tool is installed, which is located vertically along the bed of the machine 1, and the intermediate holding of Nsekhaniem 10 is located on the side of the transport of mechanism 9.  Between the holding mechanism 10 and the spindle 4 there is a second tool transport mechanism 11.  In the device described above, the tool is transported in a vertical position with the tail part oriented down from the magazine b to the mechanism 10, and the tool is kept in a predetermined steady position using the keyway provided in it, which interacts with the position key porting mechanism.  When the tool enters the holding mechanism 10, it then horizontally turns to a position parallel to the spindle and is replaced by the tool that was installed on the spindle 4, Tool magazine 6 (Fig. 2 includes a base 12, a tool holder 13 rotatably mounted. In the central part of the upper surface of each holder 13 a hole 14 is made to insert and hold a tool, next to which a key 15 is provided protruding into the recess so that into engagement with a corresponding groove in the tool in order to keep the tool in a predetermined position.  A gear element Ment (not shown) is engaged on the inner surface of the holder 13, which is engaged with a chain 16 located on the inner side of the holder 13.  Therefore, when the chain 16 is moved by an asterisk 17 driven by a hydraulic motor 18, the holders 13 rotate clockwise, with projections from the outer surfaces of the holders 13 in the direction of the base 12, and the rollers supported by the protrusions with the spikes, are provided for uniform rotation of the holders. Rolling on the surface of the base 12 (not shown). On the outer surfaces of the protrusions of the holders 13, code surfaces are formed that have different forms for indexing tools, and the rotation of the sprocket 17 is stopped as a result of the corresponding detection of the given (selected) code surface 19 by the device 20, designed to detecting and recognizing the shape of the code surface 19 located on the base 12; More precisely, when the holder 13, holding the required tool, stops at the section with the position and, because the design is such that the code surface corresponding to the desired tool is formed on one of the holders 13, the forehead holder that holds the tool being replaced, the tool stops at the tool change position by detecting the code surface of a predetermined toolholders 13.  As a device for detecting a code surface 20, a device that mechanically contacts this surface and reads a code, or an optical device that perceives light reflected by the code surface or passing through it, can be used.  In fact, the code surface is read after the holder 13, holding the required tool, has passed a little key in the tool change position and has stopped.  Then the holder 13 moves slightly backwards (counterclockwise / and again stops in position with a ratchet-type locking element.  The tool change mechanism B (FIG.  1-5) has a lever arm knot 21. replacing g which serves to transfer the tool, located in the B tool-changing position of the magazine 6, to the carrier 22 of the horizontal transport mechanism 7 of the tool and to transfer the used tool of the carrier 22 to the holder 13 of the magazine 6.  The tool-change lever arm 21 is provided with arms 23, horizontally across and semi-circular portions 24 for holding tools.  The semicircular holder 24 includes a semicircular protrusion 25 for preventing the tool from falling out by engaging with the semicircular ring-shaped groove of the tool and a key 26 for engaging with the key groove of the tool for firmly holding the tool in position.  A locking pin 27 is located close to the base of the holder 24; the clamping pin 27 is constantly pressed against the spring means and is not shown inside the holder 24.  A shaft 28 is attached to the lower surface of the lever arm 21, and a gear wheel (not shown) is attached to the lower end of the shaft 28, which is engaged with one of the gear rails provided on the piston rods of the hydraulic (cylinder-piston) nodes 29 and 30, Therefore, the lever unit 21 rotates when the hydraulic units are operating.  Shaft 28 is connected to a hydraulic piston assembly 31, which is located vertically, thanks to a lever, assembly 21 can also move upwards.  When the lever assembly 21 is horizontally rotated and each of the holders 24 approaches the tool to be changed, the locking pin 27 is pressed against the side surface of the tool and recessed in the lever assembly 21 against the action of the spring.  In this way, the tool engages the semicircular holder 24 and engages with the arc lug 25 and key 26. The tool is secured by the fixing pin to the strap 27, which is again in spring position with the help of the spring, against disengagement from the holder.  Lever assembly 21 can be configured with two separate cantilever holders1. o type, one of which holds the new tool and the other used.  The mechanism 7 for the horizontal transport of the instrument {FIGS. 3-7 is intended to move the tool with its tail portion, sorit down vertical, and.  Transplanting the tool from the direct tool 8 mechanism to the vertical tool transport mechanism 9.  The tool carrier 22 is located at the top surface with a holder 32 for the tail part of the tool and a key 33 engaged with the position keyway of the tool. The transporting mechanism 7 includes two directional rods 34, located at a certain distance from each other along the vertical and supported by the support 35, to-turn to bed 1.  so as not to interfere with the movement wear l 22.  Parallel to the dim rods 34, an endless chain 36 passes between the two drive sprockets.  The carrier 22 contains horizontal holes through which the guide rods Ne can freely rotate, and the chain 36 is attached to the carrier 22.  Thus, the carrier 22 moves reciprocally along the guide rods 36 between the first replacement mechanism 8 and the transporting mechanism 9 of the vertical transport of the tool using sprockets 37 driven by a hydraulic motor (not shown) after reducing their rotation speed.  To protect the guide rods 36 from fine shavings or dust, a casing 38 is installed, made of a metal plate of L-shaped cross section, with its side and top surfaces along the xtsih rods 36.  The lower part of the casing 38 is pivotally attached by a pin 39 to the protruding part of the bed 1 and connected to the piston of the hydraulic unit 40 by one end pivotally attached to the bed 1.  This design allows the casing 38 to rotate to the open position (shown by dotted lines in FIG.  7), and when the carrier 22 moves along the guide rods 34, the cover 38 is opened so as not to interfere with the movement of the carrier 22.  When transferring the tool from the holder 13 of the magazine 6 to the carrier 22, the holder 13, which holds the tool selected by the code surface detecting device, stops at a predetermined tool replacement position.  that, t. e.  in the lowest position shown in FIG.  2, at which time the carrier 22 has already reached the tool change position shown in FIG.  3  When the holder 13 and the carrier 22 have stopped at the replacement position, the PI arm knot 21 rotates clockwise 90 ° and the holders 24 hold the new tool in the holder 13 and the used tool in the carrier 22, respectively.  In the next step, the lever assembly 21 moves up (vertically with respect to the side of the station, us 1, as shown in FIG.  2)) for; retrieving both tools, rotates 180 - and moves down.  In this way, the new and used tools are replaced and inserted into the carrier 22 and the holder 13, respectively.  After replacing the tools, the lever assembly 21 is rotated 90 ° again to return to its original position.  Since the toolholder 13 and the new tool are interconnected by the code surface 12, the used tool must return to the toolholder 13 after indexing the toolholder corresponding to the tool.  However, in a system where the tools themselves are directly provided with code surfaces or where the computing device controls the selection of the tool and the positions of the holders 13, the used tool can be inserted into any free holder 13 of the magazine 6.  In both systems, the selection of a tool and a toolholder is made during milling or boring the part to shorten the tool change time.  Mechanism 9 (FIG.  8 and 9) the vertical transport of tools has a rotary shaft 41 located vertically along the side wall of the bed 1, which is rotatably supported by an element 42 at its lower end and a bearing (not shown) at the upper end.  The shaft 41 rotates at predetermined angles of the hydraulic piston assemblies 43 located in the support member 42 so that the toothed rack attached to the pistons of the assemblies 43 engage with the gear members provided at the lower end 41.  The shaft 41 is provided with a keyway 44, which engages with the key (not shown is the tool transport arm 45, which can move up and down along the shaft 41 and rotate with it.  Protractor skinny arm 45 (FIG.  9) contains at the front end an element serving as a tool holder, such as a holder 24 of a lever assembly 21, this holder being provided with a round protrusion, a key and a locking pin 46 so that the tool is held in, upright with the tail, downward.  Although the locking pin 46 is configured to sink when the tool is inserted into the lever holder 45, the pin 46 does not sink when engaging the tool with the spring 47, the cam 48 to the element 49, when the lever 45 is in the position shown in solid lines and the position shown by the dotted lines at the top of FIG. 9.  Accordingly, when the lever 45 is located at the indicated positions, the tool is firmly held in the holder 45.  When the lever 45 is moved to the position shown by the dotted lines at the bottom of FIG.  9 {inclined position. ), the locking pin 46 is sunk, because the element 49 is disconnected from the surface of the cam 48. A horizontal cover is attached to the base of the transporting lever 45 to protect the rotary part of the lever 45 from fine chips and dust.  In order to protect the rotary shaft 41 from chips and dust, the vertical cocks 51 are also fastened outside the shaft 41 in a vertical direction along them, and the base of the casing 51 is rotatably attached to the bracket 52 so that the casing 51 can rotate in a horizontal plane.  When the lever 45 is located at the lower end of the shaft 41 for receiving the tool, the casing is turned by a motor (not shown) located above the casing 51, and protects the shaft from small chips, and when the lever 45 moves up, the casing 51 rotates so that it does not interfere with the movement leverage.  Endless chain 53 tension along the shaft 41 Between the upper and lower asterisks 54.  The upper sprocket {a is rotated by a hydraulic motor located above the sprocket through a gear wheel, a screw and a worm wheel (not shown), and the lower sprocket is mounted on a bracket 55 connected to a screw 56 protruding from the support member 42.  Thus, the circuit 53 is driven into rotation by the upper sprocket 54.  Part of the chain 53 is connected to the transporting lever 45, thereby allowing the lever 45 to move vertically, in accordance with; With the movement of the chain 53, through the turning shaft 41.  The tool is transported from the carrier 22 of the tool 7 horizontal transport mechanism to the transport lever 45 in such a way that the first lever 45 is located at the lowest position of the rotary shaft 41 and occupies the position shown in FIG.  9 dotted lines.  In this position, the carrier 22 is moved to 1 cm.  3) and the lever 45 then rotates to the position shown in solid lines in FIG.  9, whereby the tool is gripped and held by the lever holder 45. The intermediate holding mechanism 10 of FIG.  10), located adjacent to the upper end position of the lever 45 along the side surface of the spindle head 2, can be inclined by 90, and the holder 57 of this mechanism is mounted for moving up and down along the guide rails 58.  The lever 45 stops at a position corresponding to the position of the spindle head 2 within a predetermined stroke of the rotary shaft 41, using the limit switch.  The spindle head 2 is provided with a protruding locking element 59 and a limit switch attached to the bottom of the element 59.  A pawl interacting with the indicated limit switch is attached to the lever 45, and when the lever 45 moves up and in contact with this switch, an electrical signal is generated that stops the rotation of the hydraulic motor 60, but at the same time the lever 45 continues to move.  up by inertia and stop from B a predetermined position corresponding to the position of the spindle head 2 when it rests on the locking element 59.  The transportation of the tool o, t of the lever 45 of the mechanism 9 to the holder 57 is carried out so that the lever 45 moves along the shaft.  41 upwards Stops by the locking element 59 and then rotates horizontally 180 ° from the position shown in FIG. 10 to the right side of the shaft 41. .  In this position, the strut 13 moves upwards, the tail part of the tool held vertically in the lever, scTi-zlt c in the holder 57.  Then the lever 45 is rotated clockwise to the position shown by the dotted lines and lines, at the bottom of FIG.  9; and the element 49 is disengaged from the surface of the cam 48, thanks to which the tool separates from the holder p (the bar 45 against the action of the fixing pin 46 and is held only by the holder 57, which is tilted forward by 90 (FIG.  ten ;.  3 to mechanism 10 (FIG.  11-13) parallel to each other at a non-changing distance, vertical guide rails 58j are installed, the lower ends of which are fixed to the base plate 61, the lower part of which is supported by the arms 62 in the support element b. 3, protruding from the spindle head 2, the upper part of the baseplate 61 is pivotally connected via a pin 64 to the front end of the piston rod 65 1 of the hydraulic unit 66, with the possibility of rotation of the fastener to the spindle. 2, therefore, the mechanism 10 swings around the spindle head 90 ° around the pin 62 by means of a hydraulic, knot. K-base plate 61 vertically fastens the leveling unit 67, r,; pi-r e, M to the front end of the node 67 is mounted a flat support board 68, pre-molded in the central part with a hole, which forms the entrance to the holder 57 (, FIG. , 12), This hole has the same diameter,.  as a tool, and skoshen down to the cone, and to the lower surface of the baseplate 68 in the upper then cylinder, p {cheskogo element 69j. . Coaxial with the hole of the board 68Л1ккрирический element 69 stably nepevre tsya up and down along the guide rails 53, in the lower part of the element 69 is screwed cylindrical holder 70, fitted to the element 69,. A tool sleeve 71 for the tool, coaxial with the holder 70, the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 71 is made in the holder so that it can fit into the holder (70 s); ) stovik tool.  A board 72 is pushed to the lower end of the sleeve 71, there is a protrusion abutting the bottom pitch of the holder 70, and a doggie 73 is attached to the lower ends of the rail 58, which serves to actuate the limit switch (not shown when the holder 57 is tilted 90 ° by hydraulic unit 66 in a horizontal position.  The lower ends of the tension springs 74 (FIG.  11 are connected to both ends of the board 72, respectively, and their upper ends to an annular support plate 75 extending from the outer surface of the cylindrical member 69. In accordance with the above-described construction, the tool sleeve 71 mounted on the board 72 moves upward according to the upper displacement, the support plate 68, caused by the first displacement of the piston 76, and when the sleeve 71 approaches its upper end position, the tool holder 57 enters, and both ends of the board 72 abut against the stopper element 77, thus interrupting BrAZ upper movement of the sleeve 71.  However, the support plate 68 continues to move upward by a small distance regardless of the movement of the sleeve 71.  Thus, the tail portion of the tool is firmly held in the sleeve 71 while the tail end support mechanism is operating.  The mechanism for supporting the tail part of the tool (Figs 12 and 13) is made with several locking points 78 with the possibility of sliding, pressed into the radial horizontal holes, made on the peripheral wall of the sleeves 71, and equally spaced from each other.  The locking heads 78 of the reel 78 are located in annular recesses formed on the inner surface and the holder, which is slightly tapered in the parts corresponding to the recesses (Fig. "12") and Normally the front cong pins 78 do not protrude into the sleeve 71, not so locked when the sleeve 71 stops near the extreme upper position by means of the locking member 77 in the manner described previously and when the holder 70 continues to move upwards the locking pins 78 are pushed forward from the bottom of the grooves 70 holders due to the bevel of the inner surface of the holder 70.  Thus, the protruding retaining pins abut against the quost part of the tool shown in.  Fig. 12, with dashed lines supporting it in radial directions, thereby fixing the tool.  The mechanism 10 further includes a mechanism for engaging with the key groove of the tool and setting the rotational position of the tool (FIG. 1 comprising a rod 79 mounted slidably in the vertical direction and impossible to rotate relative to the side wall of the cylindrical member 69 due to the two clamping plates 80 and 81. At the lower part, the rod 79 is provided with a protruding pin 82, which is engaged with a recess made at the front end of the turning lever 83, which is rotatably supported in the central part by a cylindrical element 69, the base part of the lever 83 being connected to the lower end of the lever 83. spring 84, the upper end of which is attached to the element 69.  With such a construction, when the cylindrical member 69 occupies the lower position shown in FIG.  11 in solid lines, the lever 83 is urged by the spring 84 to rotate clockwise, while the upper front end of the rod 80 does not protrude beyond the upper surface of the support plate 68.  This is a non-fixed position.  When the cylindrical member 69 moves upward, as shown in FIG.  11 by dashed lines, the right end of the lever 83 engages the locking element 85 secured in the intermediate section of the guide rail 58, and the lever 83 is rotated clockwise against the action of the spring 84.  Meanwhile . the upper end of the rods 79 protruding from the baseplate 68 engages with the key groove of the tool in the holder 57, thus fixing the tool firmly and preventing its rotation.  This is a fixed position.  The second tool replacement mechanism 11 replaces the new tool in the holder 57, inclined 90 ° horizontally, with the tool used on the spindle 2.  It is located below the mechanism 10 and includes a swivel assembly 86, comprising a drive mechanism for turning the lever 87 of the tool changing mechanism and supported in the horizontal plane with the possibility of being rotated 90 ° relative to the spindle head 2.  Node 86 also includes a collar shaft having a toothed element at its lower end that engages with the toothed rack,. provided at the end of the piston rod 88 of the hydraulic unit 89 connected to the spindle head 2.  Therefore, when the piston rod 88 moves to the right of the position shown in FIG.  10, the assembly 86 rotates in order to rotate the lever 87 by 90.  The replacement lever 87 and the cylindrical hollow shaft 90 are located in the same Horizontal plane as the spindle 4, located on the side of the assembly 86 near the rotary shaft 41.  The hollow shaft 90 of the second tool changing mechanism 11 (FIG.  14 / is supported by the rotatable assembly 86 by means of bearings 91 and 92, and the flange portion of the shaft 90 is in contact with the lever 87.  On the shaft 90, a worm gear 93 coaxially aligned with it, designed to engage with the screw 94, is rotated by the hydraulic motor 95 through a downshift gear including gears 96 and 97.  A cylindrical shaft 98 is inserted along the axis of the cylindrical hollow shaft 90, the inner end of which, via the thrust bearing 99 and the ball joint 100, is connected to the hydraulic unit Om101 containing one end of the piston rod 102, the other end of which is attached to the block 86, the cylinder 101 being made with a through hole in its flange portion, through which, in order to prevent the cylinder 101 from turning, a guide pin 103 is inserted, protruding from the assembly 86.  In the hollow shaft 90 there is a spring 104, constantly pressing the sliding shaft 98 to the left, as can be seen in FIG.  14.  When the hydraulic pressure in the chamber A of the cylinder 101 rises, the cylinder moves to the left along with the shaft 98, at the relief point of which the bevelled front end of the shaft 98 rests against the end of the pin 105, which is slidably mounted in the lever 87.  A clamp block 106 is provided at the other end of the pin 105.  Accordingly, when the shaft 98 moves to the left, the pin 105 urges the upward movement of the beveled end of the shaft 98, and the pad 106 pushes the tool holding portion of the lever 87.  This holding part is not shown, but it has the same shape as the lever unit 21 and serves to hold the tool.  In addition to this locking mechanism, the second mechanism 11 includes a locking mechanism for stopping the lever 87 in its vertical position, when the lever 87 rotates clockwise when the locking mechanism is not locking in position, and the mechanism for supporting the lever 87 horizontally, which allows the lever 87 to rotate clockwise arrow, but not against.  When the locking mechanism is working, the locking mechanism works as follows.  Pin 107, protruding down from the lower end of the side plug 108,
    ::: l- :; ;. : ;; snno to cylinder 101, dv; ..: vertically in accordance with the movement of the gilin, ip 101, and uiTbjpb 10B freely enter the recess: f inserted at the single end of the board 109, with the possibility of turning with the shaft 110. The other end of the board 109 rests on one end of the locking plate, which is permanently pressed to the board 109 by the spring 111 In the holding position: -; tool in which 1, cli: dr 101 is located
    FIG.
    a 3 a o d k a 106 p a c p o l a g a et t
    by i i and
    springs. lii
    by vrach and in ae t with. Odnaks, xsgda oil under pressure; on the other hand, in the cylinder 101 so that he moved back, the pin 107 dpizhets na; e together with him, thereby turning the board 109 clockwise. Thus, the locking MiTbipb 112 moves to the left against the action of the spring 111 and the front end of this pin protrudes from the node 86 and rests the E node (not shown), extending from the back side of the lever 87 for the vertical locking of the lever 87 as it turns on hour of your hand.
    The mechanism for horizontal support of the lever 87 operates so as to allow the blade to rotate freely in the clock and to hold it from the mountains and down; position, the rotation of the lever 87 megg is reversed, i.e. counterclockwise. This mechanism contains a rotary dial 113. Supported with a NO NO pivoting knot 86 like this. that the shaft 113 is located at right angles with respect to the shaft 90. The end of the hall 113 is fixed to the locking device; -.-- the element 114, which has a skew surface 115 on one side, has a stop screw 116 screwed into its other side, and the upper end the screw 116 rests on the fixed member 117 protruding from the assembly 66. From the back side of the lever 87, the engaging pin 118 protrudes, which abuts against the side surface of the stopper element 114 when the lever 87 turns clockwise, and the locking element 114 turns when pin 118 is driven up along the accumulated lateral surface 115 in accordance with the clockwise rotation of the lever 8 /, thus the Pivr-Chiva locking element: - ent 11 in the direction allowing the locking screw 116 to slide away from the fixed element 117. Respectively, the lever 87 runs in clockwise without stop; stop /
    mechanism described above. However, when the lever 87 rotates counterclockwise and reaches the horizontal position, the pin 118 comes into contact with the upper surface of the locking element 114, as shown by o in FIG. 14, in order to STOP the rotation of the lever 87, thus maintaining the horizontal position of the lever.
    FIG. 15-20 shows how with
    AND;
    using the second replacement mechanism 11 (the new tool in the holder is replaced with the tool used on the spindle.
    The holder 57 receives and holds in the extreme upper position (Fig. 15) a new tool from the lever 45 of the mechanism 9 for the vertical transport of the tool, while the swivel assembly 86 of the second mechanism 11 does not begin to rotate and the lever 87 is located on one side of the spindle head 2.
    FIG. 16 shows the position in which the assembly 86 is rotated 90 by the hydraulic assembly 89 to move the lever 87 to a position in which the hollow shaft 90 becomes parallel to the spindle in the horizontal plane.
    At the next stage (Fig. 17j, the intermediate holding mechanism 10 is bent forward by 90 ° by moving) and the rod 65 of the hydraulic unit 66. Thus, the tool fixed in the mechanism 10 is parallel to the spindle 4 in the horizontal plane, and the distance hollow shaft 90 to the used tool, installed on the spindle, equal to the distance from the half shaft 90 to the new tool held in the holder 57 of the mechanism 10, E) this time the lever 87 does not move and still retains the original vertical field Then, the lever is rotated 90 ° counterclockwise, as shown in FIG. 16 in order to hold the new and used tools with holding portions made at both ends of the lever 87. After the holding step, these tools when the cylindrical member 69 moves back in the direction shown in FIG. 19, the arrow along the guide rails 58, the spindle 4 is also moved back, and the tools are separated from the element 69 and the spindle 4, respectively. When the cylindrical element 69 moves back, the locking pins 78, which are in contact with the tail part of the tool, move away from it in the direction opposite to the described edge when this part of the tool is fixed. In a position in which both tools are separated from the supporting elements, i.e. the cylindrical member 68 and the spindle 4, and held by the lever 87, this lever is rotated 180 ° to the position shown in FIG. 20, thus changing the position of the tools accordingly. The cylindrical element 69 and the spindle 4 are again moved forward to grip the used and new tools, respectively. The lever 87 is then rotated 90 clockwise, and the mechanism 10 returns to the vertical position. The tool magazine 6 is driven by the hydraulic motor 18 through the sprocket 17. Several of the holders 13 in magazine B are rotated clockwise due to the rotation of the motor 18, controlled by the solenoid valve V, operating in accordance with the command signals. Then the device 20 detects the code surface and starts searching for the labeled tool, generating an electrical signal, in response to which the required code surface is determined, the solenoid valve V2 reduces the speed of rotation of the holders 13 and stops them with a stopper element (not shown). valve V, reversing the rotation of the holders 13, ensuring their counterclockwise rotation at a low speed in accordance with an electrical signal informing that the holders 13 stop Credited and stops them to provide precise position of the selected toolholder 13 in the tool change position by a mechanical stop member (not shown). When performing these operations, the used tool is held in the carrier 22, which has already moved to the position before the tool-changing position of the tool b. The electric signal generated when the holder is stopped at the tool change position is energized by the solenoid valve V, from which the hydraulic unit 29 is actuated. The lever element 21 rotates clockwise by 90 (or more precisely 85) due to the fact that the center of the lever 21 is inclined at an angle of 5 ° with respect to a plane passing through the center of rotation of the lever member 21, as shown in FIG. 3, and the tools are wound up in the holding portions 24 of the Element 21, respectively. When the lever member 21 is rotated 85 ° clockwise, the limit switch L is closed and the solenoid valve Vg is energized. Then the hydraulic unit 31 moves up the lever member 21 with the tools and, when the limit switch L2 indicates that the lever member 21 is in the uppermost position, the solenoid valve V / is energized and the hydraulic unit 30 rotates the lever member 21 by 180 ° by meshing the gear racks with a gear element, due to which the positions of the HOBQro and the tools used are changed. When the lever element 21 is rotated 180 °, limit switch LJ, the solenoid valve V, is closed, with the result that the lever element 21 is lowered to its original position. The new and used tools change their positions by 180 ° and are then inserted into the carrier 22 and the holder 13 of the magazine 6, respectively. When the tool positioning operation is completed, limit switch L. is closed, and solenoid valve V is de-energized. The lever member 21, after releasing the tools, rotates 90 counterclockwise to return to its original position. The tool replacement operation is carried out during milling or boring with a tool mounted on the spindle, and upon completion of milling or boring, a command signal is generated by the tool changing switch L. In accordance with this signal, a V-j solenoid valve is energized, activating the hydraulic motor 119, which turns the housing 51 of the rotary shaft 41, which allows the lever 45 to move upwards. At the same time, the solenoid valve V is energized, and the hydraulic unit 40 moves back. Then the cover 38, covering the guide rods 34, is rotated to the position shown in FIG. 7 by dashed lines, allowing the carrier 22 to move horizontally. When cover 51 is fully opened, limit switch L is actuated to actuate the solenoid valve V g before moving carrier 22. When hydraulic motor 120, which drives the circuit, carrier 22, is driven, the new tool moves horizontally to the next position with the mechanism 9 of the vertical transport of the tool. When the carrier 22 approaches its final position, the valve V, decelerates the speed of rotation of the engine 120, and the speed of movement of the carrier also slows down and it stops with a mechanical locking element (not shown). When the carrier 22 is suspended, the limit switch L- is closed and the solenoid valve V is energized. The hydraulic unit 43 then turns counter-clockwise the lever 45 of the mechanism 9 by 40 ° from the left inclined position shown in FIG. 9 by dashed lines to help hold the lever lever 45. While the tool is held, the limit switch Lg is closed, and the solenoid valve V 2 is energized to cause the rotation of the hydraulic motor 60 to move the lever 45 upwards. When the lever 45 approaches its extreme upper position , the limit switch Lg is closed, which by means of the V-jj solenoid valve leads to a decrease in the rotation speed of the engine 60. As it approaches, the limit switch L closes. Valve V is then set to 1 neutral position, and lever 45 is stopped by locking element 59 after a slight further upward movement. At the same time, the solenoid valve V is energized, and the other hydraulic unit 43 turns counter-clockwise 180 lever 45, thus placing the tool in lever 45 above the holder 57. When this position is reached, limit switch L and solenoid valve V. de-energize. Then, the piston rod 76 of the hydraulic assembly 67 of the mechanism 10 is moved upward from its lower position, together with the cylindrical element 69 for receiving the tool held in the lever 45, and when the element 6 reaches its extreme upper position, the end valve will be closed. (as a result of which the lever 45 turns back (clockwise} by 180). At the outset of the indicated rotation, the tool automatically separates from the lever.45 and is held in the cylindrical element 69. A 180 ° valve or solenoid valve V is swollen, and hydraulic unit 66 tilts forward and 90 cylindrical element 69 together with holding it with a tool. Element 69 tilts due to the fact that node 86 of mechanism 11 has been rotated by 90 when the solenoid valve is operating V and hydraulic assembly 89; Hydraulic assembly 121 (FIG. 23 i) includes a piston rod in contact with the bottom of the cylindrical member 69 in such a way as to prevent the piston rod 76 of the hydraulic assembly from lowering when the oil pressure decreases in In the event of a power cut. More specifically, when the holding mechanism 10 tilts forward by 90, the limit switch L-j is flushed, the solenoid valve V is released, and the hydraulic motor turns counter-clockwise lever 87 to hold the new tool in the cylindrical element 69 through one of the holding sections of the lever 87 and for holding the used tool on the spindle 4 with its other holding section. The indicated rotation of the lever 87 closes the limit switch L., energizes the solenoid valve and ensures the operation of the hydraulic unit 101. When the node 101 is working, the locking mechanism of the lever 87 is not in a fixed position, and the clamping mechanism for holding the tool by the lever 87 is working. the movement of the hydraulic unit 101 closes the limit switch L and the spindle 4 is retracted. At the same time, the excitation: the solenoid valve V is turned on and the hydraulic unit 67 is actuated, so that The element 69 rotates. In the next step, by moving the element 69 back, the limit switch is closed. The solenoid valve is de-energized. To reverse the rotation of the engine 95 and thus rotate the lever 87 by (180 ° + a; ° C) the end switch reacts to the angle switch pt gate a, it will work again the engine 95 to rotate counterclockwise by means of the J.pbr-iar 87 valve by the angle a, i.e., in order to precisely rotate the lever 87 by 180 ° to change the tool positions in 180®, it is advisable that R The mag 87 turned first on (180 + and then back to the angle of stopping the lever in a predetermined position, in which the pins 118 of the lever 87 engage with the locking element 114. At the same time, the lock switch L is used to forward the spindle 4 in order to keep a new instrument. Then ensuring the operation of the hydraulic unit 67 de-energizes the solenoid valve V ,. The cylindrical element 69 is also fed forward and holds the used tool. When the cylindrical element of the CW is moved forward, the hydraulic unit 101 moves to the right (. 14) which is provided by the operation of the solenoid limit switch, thereby moving the clamping block 106 back and leaving the work of the clip mechanism. To ensure that the pore mechanism works, a stopper pin 112 acts. Then, the end switch de-energizes the electric valve V. Titus and the lever 87 rotates clockwise by 90 ° to release the tool. The lever is held in a vertical position by a locking pin 112. The end switch L energizes the electromagnetic kAapan V and activates the hydraulic unit 66, thereby rotating the cylindrical element 69 for vertical installation of the tool. In response to the rotation of the cylindrical element 69, the limit switch closes, the node 86 rotates by 90 ° and due to the operation of the electromagnetic valve V, and the hydraulic node 89 moves below the intermediate holding mechanism 10, at the same time the limit switch Li closes and the lever 45 turns counter-clockwise 180 arrows to hold the tool used by the retaining section of the lever. Turning this lever closes limit switch L and energizes solenoid valve V. to actuate hydraulic unit 67 and lower cylindrical element 69, then lever 45 rotates clockwise by 180 °, which is ensured by operation of solenoid valve vi of hydraulic unit & 4 In the next step, although the electro magnetic valve Vj, energized and the engine 60 rotates to lower the Frjara 45, the speed of rotation of the motion of the bodies 60 is reduced by the valve U, controlled by the limit switch Lj, when the lever 45 Moves in the direction near its extreme lower position, and when the lever 45 reaches the specified position, the limit switch 1 2 is disconnected. Then, the used tool held in the lever 45 is inserted into the holder of the carrier 22. When the solenoid valve V2 de-energizes to pressurize the pressure in the hydraulic unit 43, this unit is moved back through the other hydraulic unit 43, turning the lever 45 to the position shown by the dotted lines at the bottom of FIG. 8, the limit switch is then closed, and the electromagnetic switch is energized to reverse the rotation of the motor 60, thus moving the carrier back 22 holding the used tool in the direction of the position ahead of the magazine 6 tool replacement position. The carrier 22 slows down and stops using valve 2u. When the carrier 22 stops, the limit switch Lj closes, the rotary shaft 41 and the guide rods 34 are closed by the engine 119 and hydraulic unit 40, respectively, covers. When the cover 51 closes the shaft 41, the limit switch closes. At the same time, the carrier is maintained in the position of returning the used tool to the holder 13 of the magazine 6, and the used tool is returned to it by the lever unit 21 when a command (signal) is given to operate the next tool. The new designated tool is replaced with the used one and transferred to the carrier 22, B. During the milling or boring, the used tool is returned to the holder 13 of the magazine 6 and the required new tool is selected, thereby reducing the working time for replacing the tools. The control circuit (circuit, fig. 21) is connected with the circuit shown in fig. 22, with the lines Ti, Tjj and T ,, with both circuits operating from a common source of oil pressure S, Control Circuit (Fig. 23). operates from a 5 "oil pressure source. The limit switch shown in FIG. 22 is used to determine the time when the cover 38 reaches the closing position using the hydraulic unit 67. According to the described embodiment, although the tool is replaced by rotating the unit 86 - 90 ° horizontally to move the lever 87 to a predetermined position, fix the knot 86 and position the lever 87 in front of this knot. In the proposed automatic tool replacement device, the tool is always transported in a stable and reinforced position, since it It is vertically aligned with the tail end oriented downward when it is transported from the tool magazine 6 to the tool replacement mechanism located adjacent to spindle 4, and the tool first turns horizontally to the position next to spindle 4.
    Thus, the use of the proposed device allows
    Safely handle tools weighing more than 60 kg.
    physical d
    AA
    one
    Phie 8
    /
    "five
    5s
    FIG V i-i L
    it
    Li J.LIO
    ()
    iff le
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. A DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC CHANGE OF TOOLS ON A METAL-CUTTING MACHINE, containing a tool magazine mounted on the side of the machine column with tool holders located vertically, with the shank down, a transport mechanism with grippers for tools to deliver tools with maintaining its original position from the tool magazine to the machine spindle , two-gripping mechanical change tool 'hand in the spindle of a reciprocating and rotary machine and cant a tool holder with a tool that sets the tool axis parallel to the spindle axis when transferring the tool to a double-gripping mechanical arm while turning its gripper by 90 °, characterized in that, for the purpose of safety when changing a heavy tool, the device is equipped with an additional double-gripping mechanical reciprocating arm and rotational action, located at the place of delivery and reception of tools, respectively, from the tool magazine to the transport mechanism, and installed with possibly rotation around the axis on the said column of the machine with a cover preventing the ingress of dirt onto the guides of the transport mechanism at the time of interception of tools by its grips.
    ''
    [2]
    2. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the transport mechanism for delivering tools includes horizontal and vertical transport mechanisms with grippers, and the gripper of the last mechanism is made in the form of a lever mounted rotatably 180 ° in a horizontal plane.
    [3]
    3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the tilter grip is mounted to move in a direction along the axis of the tool and is equipped with elements securing the tool at the specified ’movement of the grip.
    [4]
    4. The device according to π. 1, due to the fact that the two-gripping mechanical tool change arm in the machine spindle is equipped with interconnected mechanisms for fixing it in horizontal and vertical positions and for fixing the tool in the grip, made in the form of alternately sliding fingers.
    [5]
    5. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 4, characterized in that the two-gripping mechanical change tool arm in the machine spindle is mounted on a carriage mounted to rotate in a plane perpendicular to the axial movement direction of the two-gripping arm.
    SU, „1036238
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU1036238A3|1983-08-15|Device for automatically changing tools on metal cutting machine tool
    US3473419A|1969-10-21|Automatic tool changing device for a machine tool
    CN100584527C|2010-01-27|Cutter replacing device, machining center comprising same and method for replacing cutter in machining center
    US3414967A|1968-12-10|Tool changer
    US4038740A|1977-08-02|Vertical lathe with automatic tool change facility
    GB1583578A|1981-01-28|Tool change mechanism for machine tools
    GB1195638A|1970-06-17|Machine Tool
    US3947951A|1976-04-06|Tool changer
    KR840002279A|1984-06-25|Numerically Controlled Automatic Tool Change Machining Center
    US4934031A|1990-06-19|Automatic pallet changer
    KR890003311B1|1989-09-16|Automatic pallet changer
    US3704510A|1972-12-05|Machine tool with tool changer
    US3344511A|1967-10-03|Toolholder and gripping device for automatic tool changers
    US4240194A|1980-12-23|Automatic tooling machine
    US3823466A|1974-07-16|Machine tool with automatic tool changing mechanism
    US20030125175A1|2003-07-03|Automatic tool changer for machine tool
    EP0011710B1|1982-05-19|Machine tool with an automatic tool changer for single tools and multiple spindle toolheads, and a multiple spindle toolhead
    US4141133A|1979-02-27|Tool changer for vertical boring machine
    US3678572A|1972-07-25|Tool changer
    US4330928A|1982-05-25|Automatic tool changer for a lathe
    US3688387A|1972-09-05|Shuttle type automatic tool changer
    CS229617B2|1984-06-18|Automatic apparatus for tool replacement on a machine-tool
    US3886652A|1975-06-03|Tool changer mechanism
    US3591920A|1971-07-13|Tool change mechanism with magazine positioning means
    EP0028329B1|1984-10-24|Tool storage magazine for machine tool
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JPS5939256B2|1984-09-21|
    JPS5465890A|1979-05-26|
    US4190947A|1980-03-04|
    DE2847683A1|1979-05-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3161951A|1962-09-17|1964-12-22|Scully Anthony Corp|Automatic tool handling apparatus|
    US3233321A|1963-04-22|1966-02-08|Scully Anthony Corp|Automatic tool changing apparatus|
    US3273235A|1964-05-11|1966-09-20|Scully Anthony Corp|Automatic tool changing apparatus|
    DE1602798A1|1967-03-30|1971-11-18|Mueller Karl Gmbh|Drilling and milling machine|
    US3516149A|1968-02-05|1970-06-23|Ex Cell O Corp|Machining apparatus with automatic tool changing means|
    US3587873A|1969-05-15|1971-06-28|Kearney & Trecker Corp|Tool change mechanism for a machine tool|
    FR2105381A5|1970-09-03|1972-04-28|Guillemin Sergeot Pegord|
    JPS522824B2|1972-08-31|1977-01-24|
    JPS4975180U|1972-10-16|1974-06-28|JPS5755543B2|1978-10-27|1982-11-25|
    US4221043A|1979-03-05|1980-09-09|Kearney & Trecker Corporation|Automatic tool changer for multiple spindle machine tool|
    GB2073626B|1980-04-15|1983-06-02|Devlieg Machine Co Ltd|Machine tool including a tool transfer mechanism|
    GB2073625B|1980-04-15|1983-06-29|Devlieg Machine Co Ltd|Tool-change device for a machine tool|
    US4384397A|1980-04-22|1983-05-24|Giddings & Lewis, Inc.|Tool changing machining center with swing spindle|
    US4399603A|1980-11-17|1983-08-23|Giddings & Lewis, Inc.|Power grip tool exchange arm for machining center|
    US4558506A|1981-11-09|1985-12-17|Kearney & Trecker Corporation|Numerically controlled automatic tool changing machining center having a bar-type spindle|
    JPS5934935U|1982-08-30|1984-03-05|
    DE3440357A1|1983-11-09|1985-05-15|Mori Machinery Co. Ltd., Okayama|TOOL BAG, SOG. "TOOL POT", FOR AN AUTOMATIC TOOL CHANGER|
    US4658625A|1984-03-30|1987-04-21|Amada Company, Limited|Bending machine and a die changing system for such bending machine|
    DE3512218C2|1984-04-07|1993-10-14|Amada Co|Press brake|
    DE3701858C2|1987-01-23|1990-05-10|C. Behrens Ag, 3220 Alfeld, De|
    DE8905795U1|1989-05-09|1989-07-20|Maho Ag, 8962 Pfronten, De|
    GB2329139B|1997-09-12|2002-10-09|Bridgeport Machines Ltd|Tool carousel|
    DE102006058028B4|2006-12-07|2021-04-01|Wassermann Technologie GmbH|Tool changer|
    JP6356014B2|2014-08-27|2018-07-11|三菱重工工作機械株式会社|Gear processing machine|
    JP5925396B1|2014-09-05|2016-05-25|ヤマザキマザック株式会社|Tool magazine and tool changer|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    JP52132222A|JPS5939256B2|1977-11-04|1977-11-04|
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